Establishing the Relationship of the Adolescents with Different Members of the Society

Human beings are social in nature. They cannot live alone. Family is a small unit of society. A person as he/she moves along the way of his life growing in age, has to depend on various persons of the family in particular and of the society in general. For such dependence, one has to exchange one's ideas and maintain contacts with others.

It is this action which in a single word can be termed as social relationship. The relationship is of paramount importance in the life of human being. At the very beginning of life, it is found that survival of a child is impossible unless it gets assistance from the other members of the family. It has to depend on others in order to fulfil its various needs. The child first establishes its relationship with its mother, then gradually with father, brothers and sisters and other members of the family. During the later stages it has to establish social relationship gradually in the larger society outside the family. It is observed that not a single human being can live without such social relationship. Even the fundamental needs of the child cannot be fulfilled without the help of others. Thereafter consultation and helping one another are necessary in order to express one's own sorrows and pleasures. A human being is needed to cooperate with others in order to minimize his/her sorrows and sufferings.

Without the cooperation of others, it too becomes impossible for a person to become self-dependent. So, in fine, it can be said that everyone has to cooperate with others in every stage of life facing all the disadvantages of life in order to make life meaningful. Otherwise life will become meaningless. Such an essential social relationship flows towards various directions. Sometimes due to this relationship, a person is found to depend completely on others. An infant, a child depends solely upon the elders of the family. Sometimes, this relationship exists in the form of exchanges or transactions, such as, when the children grow up, they cooperate with each other.

Sometimes, the relationship is based on respect and love. It can be said that relationship with teachers, too, involves transaction or give and take and exchange of ideas and expression of respect. Likewise, there is the relationship with friends of contemporary age and with neighbours.

However, in order to make one's life meaningful, one has to live in close contact with various persons of the society. In this way the social relationship builds. But a person has to acquire certain virtue or to follow some general principles in order to establish such social relationship and maintain healthy contacts. These are as following.

The principles of good relationship

1. The principles of transactions: A person has to follow the principle of transaction in order to establish relationship. It is in this way that transactions, exchange of ideas and maintaining mutual contact is possible.

2. Cooperation: One has to have a sense of cooperation within oneself. If one has a feeling of helping only oneself, it makes one self- centered rather than social if such a feeling crosses certain limits. Most of the time, it creates jealousy and unhealthy competition among the competitors, thus removes the very possibility of good relationship.

3. Sympathy: Sympathy is yet another principal virtue one should posses in establishing social relationship. It is difficult to become social if sympathy cannot be shown to others during their sorrows and troubles while going along in the society.

4. Unselfishness: Another important aspect in establishing social relationship is getting rid of selfishness. It becomes difficult for a person to establish relations with others if he/she keeps himself/ her busy in his/her own interests. Relation becomes normal through reaching an understanding when any complex situation arises.

5. Human Virtues: Besides, it becomes easy to establish good relations with various personalities of the family if the human virtues such as respect, affection, submissiveness, etiquette, etc. are exercised in time. It is necessary to mention here that every social relation in respect of place, time and person is equally important if one has to live in any society. The detailed discussion is made in this chapter on aspects related to establish relations of teenagers with teachers, friends of contemporary age and neighbors.

Biological Causes of Depression in Women

Happiness is one of the most precious commodities that is achieved from within. However some people find it hard to be happy in their life. This can be attributed to many factors such as psychological, behavioral or social. But the most common among women in particular is biological aspects. In this article the main causes of depression that arise from biological factors are discussed.

Generally there are four kinds of symptoms of depression in women due to biological reasons. These are premenstrual problems, Pregnancy problems or infertility, postpartum depression and pre-menopause and menopause.

Premenstrual problems or PMS symptoms are when a women gets fatigue, irritability, bloating and emotional reactivity which is caused by hormonal fluctuations in between menstrual cycles. Such types of depressions are mild in nature for many women though for some it might be very hard to deal with. If it is not mild, one should consult their doctor because it could be premenstrual dysphoric disorder or PMDD.

Hormonal changes during  pregnancy are one of the common reasons women get depressed, This could lead to problems during the pregnancy and after the baby is born. Issues relating to miscarriage, unwanted pregnancy and infertility are also major causes of depression.

Another biological cause of depression in women is when they become new mothers and experience difficulty in taking care of their child. This form of depression is called postpartum depression which is partially influenced by hormonal fluctuations and a lack of sleep caused by a new baby needing constant attention around the clock.

Another frequent cause of depression in women is menopause which typically starts in thier late forties or early fifties, but can happen earlier. This is a natural process where the ovaries eventually cease producing eggs. During this time there are major hormonal fluctuations and an increased risk of depression.

Causes of Depression in Women Due to Social Reasons

Many research studies that are conducted to identify the reasons behind depression in women have found that social factors are a major contributor. Females are twice as likely to develop depression because of social factors as their male counterparts. Some of the main reasons of depression among women that are caused by social factors will be discussed in this article.

Some of the main causes of depression in women which are of social reasons are: the impact of their role in the society and the high expectations from the people around them, unequal power status in relation to gender profiling, sexual or physical abuse, unhealthy relationships with their family or friends, and lastly it may be due to financial problems. 

A female frequently develops depression due to the stress of their role in society and conflicting overwhelming responsibilities as she might be overly burdened to maintain her role as a mother, wife or a working woman at a same time. Single women are at an especially high risk because frequently they may get little help to take care of their home and career together. In comparison to married women, single mothers about three times more likely to face major depression.

On the other hand women who have been working very hard to make their way in a society ruled by men go through a cycle of depression due to feeling powerless or helpless. This state of mind can put women at great risk of depression which can be provoked by gender discrimination either in the workplace or in their homes. Sexual or physical abuse also makes females vulnerable to a high state of depression. Girls are much more likely to be sexually abused than boys and abuse at a young age generally causes depression later in life. Statistics shows that rape crimes against females have increased dramatically in most parts of the world due to frustration from economic and political reasons.

How to buy the right jeans

The most essential piece in your wardrobe seems so right and yet can go wrong in so many ways. The most important in choosing your jeans is fit. Be aware that you need to try on a lot of jeans before finding you’re most flattering fit.

There is a jean out there for you. The big mistake is purchasing jeans that are too big. Most jeans stretch as you wear them so make sure that they are a little snug. Test them out by sitting down on a chair to be sure that there is no gap in the waistband.

Some factors must consider in choosing jeans. These ares-

• Get them as long as possible without being a hazard.
• Darker jeans look richer and make you look slimmer.
• Purchase the heaviest weight to disguise figure flaws.
• If you’re looking to minimize your behind, choose a jean with a wider leg and a slight flare or boot cut.
• Avoid small or flap pockets, or embellishment that brings too much attention to the area.
• Five pocket jeans are best for wide hips.
• If you’ve got tummy issues, choose a slightly low rise jean. The jean should hit right across the tummy, not above or below it. Avoid very low rise jeans.
• Petite bodies should choose darker jeans to elongate the leg, and a low rise.
• Straight cut jeans are best for tall women.
• Wide leg jeans work well on athletic builds.
• Enhance a flat butt with slightly higher back pockets or pockets with embellishment or embroidery.

Maintain the table etiquettes, Change your life

In order to appear perfectly well-bred at table when in company, or in public, as at a hotel, you must pay attention, three times a day, to the points of table etiquette. If you neglect these little details at home and in private, they will be performed awkwardly and with an air of restraint when you are in company. By making them habitual, they will become natural, and appear easily, and sit gracefully upon you. Even when eating entirely alone, observe these little details, thus making the most finished and elegant manners perfectly familiar, and thus avoiding the stiff, awkward air you will wear if you keep your politeness only for company, when you will be constantly apprehensive of doing wrong. The other table etiquettes are:

·        At breakfast or tea, if your seat is at the head of the table, you must, before taking anything upon your own plate, fill a cup for each one of the family, and pass them round, being careful to suit each one in the preparation of the cup, that none may return to you for more tea, water, sugar, or milk. If you have a visitor, pass the cup with the tea or coffee alone in it, and hand with the cup the sugar bowl and cream pitcher, that these may be added in the quantity preferred.

·        After all the cups have been filled and passed round, you may take the bread, butter, and other food upon your own plate. Train your children, so that they will pass these things to you as soon as they see you are ready to receive them.

·        If you are yourself at the side of the table, pass the bread, butter, etc., to the lady at the head, when you see that she has sent the cups from the waiter before her, to those seated at the table.

·        If you occupy the place of head of the table, you must watch the cups, offer to fill them when empty, and also see that each one of the family is well helped to the other articles upon the table.

·        Avoid making any noise in eating, even if each meal is eaten in solitary state. It is a disgusting habit, and one not easily cured if once contracted, to make any noise with the lips when eating.

·        Never put large pieces of food into your mouth. Eat slowly, and cut your food into small pieces before putting it into your mouth.

·        Use your fork, or spoon, never your knife, to put your food into your mouth. At dinner, hold in your left hand a piece of bread, and raise your meat or vegetables with the fork, holding the bread to prevent the pieces slipping from the plate.

·        If you are asked at table what part of the meat you prefer, name your favorite piece, but do not give such information unless asked to do so. To point out any especial part of a dish, and ask for it, is ill-bred. To answer, when asked to select a part, that "it is a matter of indifference," or, "I can eat any part," is annoying to the carver, as he cares less than yourself certainly, and would prefer to give you the piece you really like best.

·        Do not pour coffee or tea from your cup into your saucer, and do not blow either these or soup. Wait until they cool.

·        Use the butter-knife, salt-spoon, and sugar-tongs as scrupulously when alone, as if a room full of people were watching you. Otherwise, you may neglect to do so when the omission will mortify you.

·        Never put poultry or fish bones, or the stones of fruit, upon the table-cloth, but place them on the edge of your plate.

·        Do not begin to eat until others at the table are ready to commence too.

·        Sit easily in your chair, neither too near the table, nor too far from it, and avoid such tricks as putting your arms on the table, leaning back lazily in your chair, or playing with your knife, fork, or spoon.

·        Never raise your voice, when speaking, any higher than is necessary. The clear articulation and distinct pronunciation of each word, will make a low tone more agreeable and more easily understood, than the loudest tone, if the speech is rapid or indistinct.

·        Never pass your plate with the knife or fork upon it, and when you pass your cup, put the spoon in the saucer.

·        Never pile up the food on your plate. It looks as if you feared it would all be gone before you could be helped again, and it will certainly make your attempts to cut the food awkward, if your plate is crowded.

·        If there is a delicacy upon the table, partake of it sparingly, and never help yourself to it a second time.

·        If you wish to cough, or use your handkerchief, rise from the table, and leave the room. If you have not time to do this, cover your mouth, and turn your head aside from the table, and perform the disagreeable necessity as rapidly and quietly as possible.

·        Avoid gesticulation at the table. Indeed, a well-bred lady will never gesticulate, but converse quietly, letting the expression and animation of her features give force to her words.

·        Never, when at the home table, leave it until the other members of the family are also ready to rise.

Maintain the table etiquettes, Change your life

In order to appear perfectly well-bred at table when in company, or in public, as at a hotel, you must pay attention, three times a day, to the points of table etiquette. If you neglect these little details at home and in private, they will be performed awkwardly and with an air of restraint when you are in company. By making them habitual, they will become natural, and appear easily, and sit gracefully upon you. Even when eating entirely alone, observe these little details, thus making the most finished and elegant manners perfectly familiar, and thus avoiding the stiff, awkward air you will wear if you keep your politeness only for company, when you will be constantly apprehensive of doing wrong. The other table etiquettes are:

·        At breakfast or tea, if your seat is at the head of the table, you must, before taking anything upon your own plate, fill a cup for each one of the family, and pass them round, being careful to suit each one in the preparation of the cup, that none may return to you for more tea, water, sugar, or milk. If you have a visitor, pass the cup with the tea or coffee alone in it, and hand with the cup the sugar bowl and cream pitcher, that these may be added in the quantity preferred.

·        After all the cups have been filled and passed round, you may take the bread, butter, and other food upon your own plate. Train your children, so that they will pass these things to you as soon as they see you are ready to receive them.

·        If you are yourself at the side of the table, pass the bread, butter, etc., to the lady at the head, when you see that she has sent the cups from the waiter before her, to those seated at the table.

·        If you occupy the place of head of the table, you must watch the cups, offer to fill them when empty, and also see that each one of the family is well helped to the other articles upon the table.

·        Avoid making any noise in eating, even if each meal is eaten in solitary state. It is a disgusting habit, and one not easily cured if once contracted, to make any noise with the lips when eating.

·        Never put large pieces of food into your mouth. Eat slowly, and cut your food into small pieces before putting it into your mouth.

·        Use your fork, or spoon, never your knife, to put your food into your mouth. At dinner, hold in your left hand a piece of bread, and raise your meat or vegetables with the fork, holding the bread to prevent the pieces slipping from the plate.

·        If you are asked at table what part of the meat you prefer, name your favorite piece, but do not give such information unless asked to do so. To point out any especial part of a dish, and ask for it, is ill-bred. To answer, when asked to select a part, that "it is a matter of indifference," or, "I can eat any part," is annoying to the carver, as he cares less than yourself certainly, and would prefer to give you the piece you really like best.

·        Do not pour coffee or tea from your cup into your saucer, and do not blow either these or soup. Wait until they cool.

·        Use the butter-knife, salt-spoon, and sugar-tongs as scrupulously when alone, as if a room full of people were watching you. Otherwise, you may neglect to do so when the omission will mortify you.

·        Never put poultry or fish bones, or the stones of fruit, upon the table-cloth, but place them on the edge of your plate.

·        Do not begin to eat until others at the table are ready to commence too.

·        Sit easily in your chair, neither too near the table, nor too far from it, and avoid such tricks as putting your arms on the table, leaning back lazily in your chair, or playing with your knife, fork, or spoon.

·        Never raise your voice, when speaking, any higher than is necessary. The clear articulation and distinct pronunciation of each word, will make a low tone more agreeable and more easily understood, than the loudest tone, if the speech is rapid or indistinct.

·        Never pass your plate with the knife or fork upon it, and when you pass your cup, put the spoon in the saucer.

·        Never pile up the food on your plate. It looks as if you feared it would all be gone before you could be helped again, and it will certainly make your attempts to cut the food awkward, if your plate is crowded.

·        If there is a delicacy upon the table, partake of it sparingly, and never help yourself to it a second time.

·        If you wish to cough, or use your handkerchief, rise from the table, and leave the room. If you have not time to do this, cover your mouth, and turn your head aside from the table, and perform the disagreeable necessity as rapidly and quietly as possible.

·        Avoid gesticulation at the table. Indeed, a well-bred lady will never gesticulate, but converse quietly, letting the expression and animation of her features give force to her words.

·        Never, when at the home table, leave it until the other members of the family are also ready to rise.